[docker] Refactor container to be more developer-friendly

Clean up the Docker container image to make it more developer-friendly.

- Ensure that all OpenTitan dependencies are available.
- Provide a convenient way to run commands within the container as
  current local user, ensuring that file permissions of mounted volumes
  match.
- Give the user within the container sudo rights, if it wants to use it
  e.g. to install additional packages.
- Provide a convenient way to load additional configuration into the
  environment, e.g. the path to a license server.
- Generally clean up the Dockerfile and make it consistent.
- Remove some additionally installed packages where we don't know what
  they are used for. We can always add them back if we find out the use
  case.
- Use the general mailing list as "maintainer" email address.

Signed-off-by: Philipp Wagner <phw@lowrisc.org>
diff --git a/util/container/sudoconf b/util/container/sudoconf
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0f89e62
--- /dev/null
+++ b/util/container/sudoconf
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+# Give dev user account root permissions in container
+dev ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD:ALL