Fix the ignored list of markdownlint (#14064)

Pass the arguments `--ignore=pattern1 --ignore=pattern2` instead of
`--ignore pattern1 pattern2`, which the later one isn't accepted by
`markdownlint`.
diff --git a/build_tools/scripts/run_markdownlint.sh b/build_tools/scripts/run_markdownlint.sh
index 652c7ea..cc0ce1e 100755
--- a/build_tools/scripts/run_markdownlint.sh
+++ b/build_tools/scripts/run_markdownlint.sh
@@ -20,10 +20,15 @@
 )
 
 declare -a excluded_files_patterns=(
-  "/third_party/"
+  "**/third_party/**"
   "**/node_modules/**"
 )
 
-markdownlint "${included_files_patterns[*]}" \
-    --config ./docs/.markdownlint.yml \
-    --ignore "${excluded_files_patterns[*]}"
+# ${excluded_files_patterns} is expanded into
+# "--ignore=pattern1 --ignore=pattern2 ...", since markdownlint doesn't accept
+# "--ignore pattern1 pattern2 ...".
+# The expansion trick is explained in
+# https://stackoverflow.com/questions/20366609/prefix-and-postfix-elements-of-a-bash-array
+markdownlint "${included_files_patterns[@]}" \
+    --config=./docs/.markdownlint.yml \
+    "${excluded_files_patterns[@]/#/--ignore=}"